我有一个看起来像这样的 .gitlab-ci.yml：

image: mcr.microsoft.com/playwright:latest

before_script:
- apt-get remove nodejs -y
- apt-get update
- apt-get install -y curl
- curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | bash -
- apt-get install -y nodejs
- npm install

pages:
  stage: build
  script:
  - npm run docsify ; npx next build ; npx next export
  - rm -rf public
  - mv out public
  artifacts:
    paths:
    - public
  cache:
    key: default
    paths:
    - node_modules/
    - ".next/cache/"
    - public
    untracked: true # unclear if needed
  only:
  - main

它运行了，看起来它做了所有正确的事情：

Running with gitlab-runner 14.9.1 (bd40e3da)
  on runner-gitlab-runner-7ff6fc5d7b-dc9sh 2bfx5V6B
Preparing the "kubernetes" executor
Using Kubernetes namespace: gitlab-managed-apps
Using Kubernetes executor with image mcr.microsoft.com/playwright:latest ...
Using attach strategy to execute scripts...
Preparing environment
Waiting for pod gitlab-managed-apps/runner-2bfx5v6b-project-3385-concurrent-06khk6 to be running, status is Pending
Waiting for pod gitlab-managed-apps/runner-2bfx5v6b-project-3385-concurrent-06khk6 to be running, status is Pending
    ContainersNotInitialized: "containers with incomplete status: [init-permissions]"
    ContainersNotReady: "containers with unready status: [build helper]"
    ContainersNotReady: "containers with unready status: [build helper]"
Running on runner-2bfx5v6b-project-3385-concurrent-06khk6 via runner-gitlab-runner-7ff6fc5d7b-dc9sh...
Getting source from Git repository
Fetching changes with git depth set to 50...
Initialized empty Git repository in 
Created fresh repository.
Checking out 456ffc27 as main...
Skipping Git submodules setup
Restoring cache
Checking cache for default-4...
No URL provided, cache will not be downloaded from shared cache server. Instead a local version of cache will be extracted. 
Successfully extracted cache
Executing "step_script" stage of the job script

...

Saving cache for successful job
Creating cache default-4...
node_modules/: found 22078 matching files and directories 
.next/cache/: found 18 matching files and directories 
public: found 925 matching files and directories   
untracked: found 21814 files                       
No URL provided, cache will be not uploaded to shared cache server. Cache will be stored only locally. 
Created cache

所以应该是caching：

• node_modules/
• .next/cache/
• public

我的理解是，在下一个 pipeline 运行的下一个 git clone 之后，GitLab CI 应该恢复克隆存储库顶部的缓存。 （或者通过卷挂载使缓存可用，但我无法在 /cache 或 ./cache 中找到它。）

在下一次提交中打印出 public 的内容表明情况并非如此。

但从所有外观来看，缓存都已恢复：

Fetching changes with git depth set to 50...
Initialized empty Git repository in 
Created fresh repository.
Checking out d7d84cd8 as main...
Skipping Git submodules setup
Restoring cache
Checking cache for default-4...
No URL provided, cache will not be downloaded from shared cache server. Instead a local version of cache will be extracted. 
Successfully extracted cache

缓存应该在哪里？

我应该如何检查它以查看它是否工作？

附录：

从 Next.js 的角度来看，此消息表明 Next.js 也没有从缓存中受益：

warn  - No build cache found. Please configure build caching for faster rebuilds. Read more: https://nextjs.org/docs/messages/no-cache

我有https://nextjs.org/docs/messages/no-cache#gitlab-ci 中以利用caching 的行。